在生(sheng)物脫氮(dan)(dan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，廢水中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)氨(an)氮(dan)(dan)首先在好(hao)(hao)氧條件下被硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)氮(dan)(dan)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物，然(ran)后在缺(que)氧條件下被反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)還(huan)原成(cheng)(cheng)N2(脫氮(dan)(dan))。硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)可以(yi)在活性(xing)污(wu)(wu)泥反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器和(he)(he)生(sheng)物膜反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。目前，活性(xing)污(wu)(wu)泥法(fa)是應(ying)(ying)用最廣泛的(de)方(fang)法(fa)。硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)和(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)在同一活性(xing)污(wu)(wu)泥中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。由于(yu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)好(hao)(hao)氧和(he)(he)自養特性(xing)明顯(xian)不同于(yu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)缺(que)氧和(he)(he)異(yi)養特性(xing)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)通(tong)常需要在兩個反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)獨(du)立進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(如巴登弗、UCT、雙(shuang)溝(gou)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溝(gou)工(gong)藝等)。)或(huo)(huo)在一個反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器(如丁(ding)苯橡膠)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)順(shun)序進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。當混合(he)污(wu)(wu)泥進(jin)(jin)(jin)入缺(que)氧池(chi)(或(huo)(huo)處于(yu)缺(que)氧狀態)時(shi)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)作，硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)處于(yu)抑制狀態；當混合(he)污(wu)(wu)泥進(jin)(jin)(jin)入好(hao)(hao)氧池(chi)(或(huo)(huo)處于(yu)好(hao)(hao)氧狀態)時(shi)，情況正好(hao)(hao)相(xiang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。顯(xian)然(ran)，如果同一污(wu)(wu)泥中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩種性(xing)質不同的(de)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)和(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun))能夠在同一反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)同時(shi)工(gong)作，形成(cheng)(cheng)同步(bu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(SND)，活性(xing)污(wu)(wu)泥法(fa)的(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)將(jiang)會(hui)更加簡化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，效率(lv)將(jiang)會(hui)大大提(ti)高(gao)。此外(wai)，從工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角度來看，硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)在兩個反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)獨(du)立進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)，或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)在同一個反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)順(shun)序進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產堿(jian)會(hui)導致羥基積(ji)累和(he)(he)酸堿(jian)度升高(gao)，影響上述(shu)兩級反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)速度，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)氨(an)氮(dan)(dan)廢水時(shi)更為明顯(xian)。

然(ran)而，對于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)SND工藝，反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羥(qian)基(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)原位硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氫，減少酸(suan)堿度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)動(dong)，從(cong)而既有利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，又(you)提(ti)高(gao)了反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)實現(xian)同(tong)步硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。事實上(shang)，人們早已發(fa)現(xian)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻(根據控(kong)制(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)，損失(shi)約(yue)為(wei)10% ~ 20%)。SND的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)也主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)失(shi)途徑(jing)(jing)上(shang)，希望在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)影響(xiang)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效果(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)提(ti)高(gao)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)。(1)利(li)用(yong)好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)某些(xie)(xie)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)種(zhong)群的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)實現(xian)SND。結果(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)明(ming)，硫代球孢菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、鸚(ying)鵡熱假單胞菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、單胞菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)。可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)使(shi)用(yong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)-氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)進(jin)行(xing)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器(曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi))中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)混合培(pei)養(yang)(yang)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)實現(xian)單個反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)步硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。雖然(ran)這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)純培(pei)養(yang)(yang)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)令(ling)人滿(man)意，但一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)認為(wei)實際應(ying)(ying)用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仍有距離，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實際污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)太小(xiao)。(2)利(li)用(yong)好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)絮(xu)體(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)實現(xian)SND。曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)保持在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1 ~ 2毫(hao)(hao)克(ke)/升，活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)度(du)(du)(du)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)擴(kuo)散(san)梯(ti)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)缺(que)(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，從(cong)而形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)。過(guo)(guo)去，曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點解(jie)(jie)釋(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，并被(bei)廣泛(fan)接(jie)受。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厭(yan)(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)增加，反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)也會相應(ying)(ying)提(ti)高(gao)。大(da)量研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)明(ming)，活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SND主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)絮(xu)體(ti)缺(que)(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。要(yao)(yao)實現(xian)高(gao)效脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)，關鍵是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)(ru)何(he)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(不(bu)(bu)(bu)影響(xiang)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效果(guo)(guo)(guo))增加活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)缺(que)(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，實現(xian)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。為(wei)了達(da)到這(zhe)個目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，有兩種(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)降(jiang)低曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)混合液(ye)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)增大(da)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸。降(jiang)低曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)，即(ji)降(jiang)低O2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴(kuo)散(san)驅動(dong)力(li)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，而不(bu)(bu)(bu)改變(bian)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)徑(jing)(jing)。丹麥生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)平衡(heng)公司(si)(BioBalance company)發(fa)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SymBio工藝就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)理論(曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)保持在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1毫(hao)(hao)克(ke)/升以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia))，但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)低溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)將為(wei)降(jiang)低，絲(si)狀細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)如(ru)(ru)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)炭蘚/1701和(he)(he)水絲(si)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)容易形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)s 此時(shi)，即(ji)使(shi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)規(gui)模(mo)較(jiao)大(da)，也能形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)，但外部(bu)(bu)(bu)碳(tan)已經耗盡(jin)，只(zhi)能利(li)用(yong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)碳(tan)進(jin)行(xing)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)，內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)速率(lv)(lv)(lv)小(xiao)，因此SND效率(lv)(lv)(lv)低。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)連續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代謝模(mo)式是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)非常不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。流(liu)入物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)源可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)非常短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間內(nei)(nei)(nei)被(bei)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)大(da)量吸收，并以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聚(ju)合物(wu)或原始基(ji)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式儲存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)，使(shi)得曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)源濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)快(kuai)速達(da)到降(jiang)低，為(wei)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)創(chuang)造了有利(li)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)足夠(gou)大(da)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)，微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)用(yong)預存(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)質(zhi)進(jin)行(xing)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)作(zuo)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)底物(wu)水平，脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)速度(du)(du)(du)快(kuai)，脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)高(gao)。好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)取決(jue)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)質(zhi)量。最(zui)新研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)明(ming)，活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)高(gao)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SND顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)。其(qi)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)徑(jing)(jing)約(yue)為(wei)500μm，沉(chen)降(jiang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，信噪比高(gao)。根據目(mu)(mu)前(qian)普遍接(jie)受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)絮(xu)凝物(wu)理論和(he)(he)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)通常觀察到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)徑(jing)(jing)(約(yue)100μm)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)看出(chu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)定條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)致密層可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步增大(da)，從(cong)而形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)SND顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)。其(qi)他研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)明(ming)，活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)絮(xu)體(ti)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)。過(guo)(guo)去，由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)水流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劇烈(lie)湍流(liu)和(he)(he)較(jiao)大(da)剪切力(li)，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)徑(jing)(jing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)達(da)到100μm后很難(nan)增大(da)。微(wei)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)電極在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)擴(kuo)散(san)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)明(ming)，當(dang)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)1 ~ 2毫(hao)(hao)克(ke)/升時(shi)，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)O2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴(kuo)散(san)深度(du)(du)(du)約(yue)為(wei)100微(wei)米(mi)，因此，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)簡(jian)單碳(tan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)規(gui)模(mo)再次增大(da)，內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)將進(jin)入厭(yan)(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)狀態(tai)。目(mu)(mu)前(qian)，關于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)如(ru)(ru)何(he)提(ti)高(gao)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)規(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)報道很少。摩根羅斯(Morgenroth)最(zui)近在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)厭(yan)(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)采用(yong)水力(li)篩選(xuan)法(fa)(fa)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碳(tan)源為(wei)基(ji)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通用(yong)串行(xing)總線反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)。其(qi)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)徑(jing)(jing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)達(da)1 ~ 3毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)，具有優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沉(chen)降(jiang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能。然(ran)而，由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)O2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個限制(zhi)因素(su)，當(dang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)大(da)時(shi)，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平均(jun)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)量污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)厭(yan)(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)狀態(tai))，并且隨(sui)著(zhu)操作(zuo)時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延(yan)長，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步惡化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)SBR系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)縮短沉(chen)降(jiang)時(shi)間可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)攔截沉(chen)降(jiang)速度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，培(pei)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)達(da)3.3毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(也只(zhi)有0.3~0.5毫(hao)(hao)米(mi))，幾乎不(bu)(bu)(bu)含(han)絲(si)狀菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，由(you)(you)(you)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)種(zhong)類決(jue)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與操作(zuo)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪拌(ban)強度(du)(du)(du)或混合程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剪切力(li)對顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有很大(da)影響(xiang)。好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)機理尚不(bu)(bu)(bu)完全清楚。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)序批式反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，當(dang)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)保持在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)0.7 ~ 1.0毫(hao)(hao)克(ke)/升一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個月(yue)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)基(ji)本(ben)完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，對化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學需氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)量、氨氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)和(he)(he)總氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)去除率(lv)(lv)(lv)高(gao)達(da)95%、95%和(he)(he)60%，顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)絲(si)狀菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，SVI為(wei)80 ~ 100毫(hao)(hao)升/克(ke)，懸浮物(wu)為(wei)4 ~ 4.5克(ke)/升。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)顯微(wei)鏡和(he)(he)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)觀察到好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)，即(ji)使(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)(jie)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)1毫(hao)(hao)克(ke)/升時(shi)，其(qi)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也很高(gao)，有機物(wu)和(he)(he)氨氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)負荷(he)達(da)到1.5公斤化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學需氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)量/(噸(dun))能夠(gou)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)限于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)產甲烷菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。已經觀察到酸(suan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和(he)(he)好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)異養(yang)(yang)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)也可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)。好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)由(you)(you)(you)無(wu)絲(si)狀菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)桿菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)都存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)連續運行(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，目(mu)(mu)前(qian)也存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)SBR系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)顆(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速沉(chen)降(jiang)，沉(chen)降(jiang)時(shi)間也可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有效縮短)。